NASA khoan đá trên Sao Hỏa

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Tài liệu Khoa học hấp dẫn đầu năm Quý Tỵ xãy ra tuần trước trên Sao Hỏa          của Phòng Thí Nghiệm NASA  "Jet Propulsion " tại Pasadena - California            NASA khoan đá trên Sao Hỏa                                             ( Song ngữ : Anh văn phần dưới  )                                 Tàu thăm dò Curiosity khoan         một hòn đá trên Sao Hỏa Xe thăm dò Curiosity của NASA dùng máy khoan nơi cuối cánh tay robot để khoan một hòn được gọi là "John Klein" trên Sao Hỏa.    Xe thăm dò Curiosity của NASA lần đầu tiên đã dùng máy khoan nơi cuối cánh tay robot để khoan một hòn đá trên Sao Hỏa.Các chuyên viên của NASA tại Hoa Kỳ gọi đây là một thành tích dấu mốc lớn nhất của nhóm điều hành chiếc Curiosity kể từ khi chiếc xe đặt bánh xuống Sao Hỏa hồi tháng 8 năm ngoái.Bụi của hòn đá sẽ được phân tích để xem có bằng chứng nào cho thấy Sao Hỏa có nước hay không. Các nhà khoa học đang tìm hiểu xem trước đây đã từng có sinh vật nào trên Sao Hỏa hay chưa              NASA khoan đá trên Sao Hỏa                                              NASA Curiosity Rover Collects First Martian Bedrock Sample 02.09.13     At the center of this image from NASA's Curiosity rover is the hole in a rock called "John Klein" where the rover conducted its first sample drilling on Mars. Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS › Full image and caption       › See drilling animation       An animated set of three images from NASA's Curiosity rover shows the rover's drill in action on Feb. 8, 2013, or Sol 182, Curiosity's 182nd Martian day of operations. Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS › Full image and caption   NASA's Mars rover Curiosity used its Mast Camera (Mastcam) to take the images combined into this mosaic of the drill area, called "John Klein." Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS › Full image and caption PASADENA, Calif. -- NASA's Curiosity rover has, for the first time, used a drill carried at the end of its robotic arm to bore into a flat, veiny rock on Mars and collect a sample from its interior. This is the first time any robot has drilled into a rock to collect a sample on Mars. The fresh hole, about 0.63 inch (1.6 centimeters) wide and 2.5 inches (6.4 centimeters) deep in a patch of fine-grained sedimentary bedrock, can be seen in images and other data Curiosity beamed to Earth Saturday. The rock is believed to hold evidence about long-gone wet environments. In pursuit of that evidence, the rover will use its laboratory instruments to analyze rock powder collected by the drill.   "The most advanced planetary robot ever designed is now a fully operating analytical laboratory on Mars," said John Grunsfeld, NASA associate administrator for the agency's Science Mission Directorate. "This is the biggest milestone accomplishment for the Curiosity team since the sky-crane landing last August, another proud day for America." For the next several days, ground controllers will command the rover's arm to carry out a series of steps to process the sample, ultimately delivering portions to the instruments inside. "We commanded the first full-depth drilling, and we believe we have collected sufficient material from the rock to meet our objectives of hardware cleaning and sample drop-off," said Avi Okon, drill cognizant engineer at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. Rock powder generated during drilling travels up flutes on the bit. The bit assembly has chambers to hold the powder until it can be transferred to the sample-handling mechanisms of the rover's Collection and Handling for In-Situ Martian Rock Analysis (CHIMRA) device. Before the rock powder is analyzed, some will be used to scour traces of material that may have been deposited onto the hardware while the rover was still on Earth, despite thorough cleaning before launch.   "We'll take the powder we acquired and swish it around to scrub the internal surfaces of the drill bit assembly," said JPL's Scott McCloskey, drill systems engineer. "Then we'll use the arm to transfer the powder out of the drill into the scoop, which will be our first chance to see the acquired sample."   "Building a tool to interact forcefully with unpredictable rocks on Mars required an ambitious development and testing program," said JPL's Louise Jandura, chief engineer for Curiosity's sample system. "To get to the point of making this hole in a rock on Mars, we made eight drills and bored more than 1,200 holes in 20 types of rock on Earth."   Inside the sample-handling device, the powder will be vibrated once or twice over a sieve that screens out any particles larger than six-thousandths of an inch (150 microns) across. Small portions of the sieved sample will fall through ports on the rover deck into the Chemistry and Mineralogy (CheMin) instrument and the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument. These instruments then will begin the much-anticipated detailed analysis.   The rock Curiosity drilled is called "John Klein" in memory of a Mars Science Laboratory deputy project manager who died in 2011. Drilling for a sample is the last new activity for NASA's Mars Science Laboratory Project, which is using the car-size Curiosity rover to investigate whether an area within Mars' Gale Crater has ever offered an environment favorable for life.   JPL manages the project for NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington.   For images and more information about the mission, visit: http://www.nasa.gov/msl and http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/msl/ . You can follow the mission on Facebook and Twitter at: http://www.facebook.com/marscuriosity andhttp://www.twitter.com/marscuriosity .     Guy Webster 818-354-6278 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. guy.webster@jpl.nasa.gov Dwayne Brown 202-358-1726 NASA Headquarters, Washington dwayne.c.brown@nasa.gov